Feb 1, 2023

Technical library

6 errors to avoid as a Product owner in a Scrum framework 

 

Delivering a software solution for an industry is a difficult task to achieve. Feedbacks occur from multiple people; the delivery is directly related to the production and there are many factors to consider when starting the conception of the features. 

Most of the time, Projects in a context that complex are managed with a V-cycle management. Very powerful in the 80’s for software deliveries, this way of working is much more sequential than iterative.  

Far from the V-cycle way of working, being part of a Scrum team as a product owner might be one of the greatest challenges you could have in a tech company. Of course, it implies working on projects or products compatible with the scrum framework. But this compatibility is slowly reaching fields outside of the software development context. 

Either looking for a small introduction to the Scrum Framework and precisely the job of Product Owner, or a small wakeup call for any advised and confirmed Product Owners, here are 6 errors you should avoid if you are working as a Product owner in a Scrum team. 

 

Scrum Framework  

So why do we use Scrum? What is it?  

For anyone familiar with Rugby, a scrum means going as a block as far as possible to gain ground and gain advantage against the other team. There are no more roles, wings, forwards or backs, but a stack of players united together and walking towards the same direction.  

This might be astonishing to talk about Rugby in a technical software article, but the Scrum framework is coming directly from this term and this approach.  In the 1990s, developing and maintaining product for the large market of software development was very difficult, especially working with the V-cycle. Software solutions need to evolve to keep up their features and requirements. V-cycle is a powerful tool for project management, but it also requires a strongly defined need, and is way more limited when evolutions are required in the middle of the project. Most of the projects were initialized, planned, started, and while going through the quality process, cancelled. The time needed to finalize all the different actions was too long for the company to earn from the value they created. The specifications were constantly evolving and the final product delivered was often not conform to the new standards asked by the customer. Knowing this main problem, a small group of people decided to create a unique framework, in the Agile philosophy: Scrum. 

 

“Agile is an iterative approach to project management and software development that helps teams deliver value to their customers faster and with fewer headaches. Instead of betting everything on a "big bang" launch, an agile team delivers work in small, but consumable, increments. Requirements, plans, and results are evaluated continuously so teams have a natural mechanism for responding to change quickly. “

 
 
 

What is the goal of Scrum ? 

The goal is to create a strong united team that is working as much on itself as on the product. It is an easy approach to understand but a hard one to master. 

 

As mentioned above, this is not a method. Scrum is a framework. It does not give you the right method to reach the success of a project or a product development. However, it shows the main organization, roles and values to adopt. There are no specific tools or practices to use when you use Scrum. It must not be seen as a path to follow, but more as a main direction to take.  

 

As a member of a Scrum team, you agree to 5 specific values:  

 

  • Commitment 

  • Courage 

  • Focus 

  • Openness  

  • Respect 

And the team is divided into three main roles: 

 

  • The development teams 

  • The Product Owner 

  • The Scrum Master 

Each role has its own responsibilities in the whole process of deliverables without any kind of hierarchy between them. Most of the decisions are taken together as a team, including the definition of how long a sprint should be, when a feature of the product must be considered done and releasable, or even the time estimation of the tasks. The global architecture of it looks like the following : 

 

“A sprint is a short, time-boxed period when a scrum team works to complete a set amount of work. Sprints are at the very heart of scrum and agile methodologies” 

 

What is a Product Owner? 

 

Briefly, the Product Owner acts as a big translator of the product needs for the development team. As a Product Owner, your goal is to fill in the gaps between the main stakeholders and the development team, using the Scrum Framework. Your role is  key to the overall understanding of the needs within the team. 

The main tool of the product owner is the backlog. He is the one responsible for it and has a strong control of what is inside. This backlog is here to define every task, issues, user stories that should be implemented in the future of the life cycle of the product.  

 

A product Owner can be part of the development team, but he must have enough time to work on his role. Also, The Product Owner can never be a committee of several people, but has to be one person.   

 

Being a good Product Owner requires to be a strong analyst of issues and improvements. It includes a bit of creativity but also a strong cartesian mind. The Product Owner should be able to make the balance between cost and benefits for any new improvements or issues. 

A leader mind is essential. Communication is also needed. Those qualities are not clearly required for the Scrum Framework. However, the Scrum guide mentions the following:   

 

The Product Owner is also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes [...] Ensuring that the Product Backlog is transparent, visible and understood. 

To ensure that the backlog stays transparent, visible and understood, it is the priority and responsibility of the Product Owner to have a clear vision of where the product is going, what is the main value brought by the current developments, and that there is no misunderstanding of the main need of the customer. 

 

6 errors to avoid as a Product Owner 

 

Number 1: Splitting Time between this role and others 
 

As the Scrum framework defines it, a Product Owner can also be part of the Development team. Sometimes, Product Owners are shared between different products or Sub-Products.  It can work very well if it has been agreed with the Scrum team, but has to be done carefully with the managers.  

Being a Product Owner means being at the entry point of the Scrum development of new valuable features. The main quality of the Product Owner with the stakeholders is the problem analysis.  
Albert Einstein once said:  “If I had an hour to solve a problem, I'd spend 55 minutes thinking about the problem and five minutes thinking about solutions” 

As a member of the Scrum team, one of the values you agree on is to enhance the team and the product at the same time and level.  

Problem analysis, backlog sorting, explanations for the development team and events preparation require time. Some managers could see in the Product Owner a part-time job, whether it is the case or not. Spending time as a Product Owner is directly linked to the product itself.  

Being able to know the time to allocate to your activities as a Product Owner is required. It is important once in a while to think about the allocated time you have to work as a Product Owner and fill all the functions required by the role. Despite being a source of stress, not having enough time in your role directly influences the whole Scrum team and will bring more difficulties to the project.  

 

Number 2: Avoid / Assume details   
 

Assuming how the work will be done and that the resources are available without making sure of it is very dangerous. This is part of a habit people can have, especially after a long time working together. Having a simple bug to fix for the 54th time this year does not mean you have to pay a bit less attention for the 55th time. Sentences like “I assumed Mark from the development team would have used the same graphical template that he used 5 months ago in the other project” is an example of assumption that can lead to a misunderstanding inside the Scrum team. Misunderstanding can be a source of conflicts, planning changes, or unsatisfied customer. 

Talking about habits, working around the main stakeholders is a serious detail to take care of. With time, the vision of a Product Owner will look more and more like the main users’ opinion. It might be possible that some of the details that should be implemented in the backlog are not included anymore because you think it is a simple definition that “everyone should know”.  

 

In order to avoid those main issues, the meetings with the Scrum team are important. Having feedback from the development team and being in a proactive listening state during those events is mandatory. It will reveal your weaknesses due to bad habits or lack of experience. Remember, you act as a translator. The translation of needs is something that will vary between people.  

Even though it is not part of the Scrum framework itself, people are often using objects called user’s stories. Using it is simple. Imagine a customer wanting a new screen in his production plant and showing production performance by machine. A user story written in Agile would be:  

  • As the Production manager, I want to know at every second how many pieces have been produced a day. 

  • As an operator in the production plant, I would like to have quick information on the productivity of my Workcenter and the one located before me. 

  • As a maintenance person, I would like to record real-time information of productivity throughout the day to create a predictive maintenance plan. 

 

From this user story, the development team will be able to understand the true need of each person using the new feature of the product. It is also a strong method to start cutting into tasks that must be done. From this story, we can already predict that the measurements should be recorded, or that the window should be real-time (or at least with a 1 second refresh rate). This user story will lead to a successful discussion in the Scrum team to be able to conceive the right feature for the customer. 

 

Number 3: Act as a Project Manager 
 

Being an entry point with the key users and main stakeholders might be hard, especially as the work you do, can sometimes feel like you are working as a project manager: talking about costs, benefits, deadlines, solving issues and adding new features may let think the customer your role is more classic such as in a V-cycle project. Pressure of the customer is one of the triggers that you should take care of while being a Product Owner. Focusing your attention on the value of the product is essential and should always be the main priority. In addition, the responsibilities of the project manager are split between the product owner and the Scrum Master. Feeling like a project manager in the Scrum team is very much like an overly supervisory management style. 

Being in this state of mind can lead to micro-management of the development team. The Product Owner should not be the one to interfere in the middle of the Sprint for additional work. They should also not be the one having to look over the shoulders of people from the development team.  

Listening to your development team (for development purposes, deadlines, misunderstandings, etc.) and your scrum master (to follow the scrum framework, to participate in an efficient way at the different agile events, to be well advised on the backlog architecture) is key for a strong Scrum team. Being the Product owner does not mean being the one that gives the orders of what the customer asked and under which deadlines.  Defending your vision and engaging the debate with the development team will be more constructive for the global development of the product. 

The Scrum team may disagree concerning various details, because of their different levels of experience, whether technical or managerial. But the main concept of Scrum is to agree together on what should be the best option to enhance either the team or the product.  

 

Number 4: Having a lack of vision in the product 
 

Where is the product going? What are the final goals and steps to consider for this product? What should the status of this product be in the next months/years? Those are questions that should be kept in mind for the Product Owner. There are two main reasons that justify this state of mind: 

  • As a person with a leader spirit, you should be able to bring some energy and motivation by showing your vision of the product and what are the expectations you have of the values it will bring. Having this vision will help you share what are the main keys of success that the team should aim for.  
    It is important that your team relies on you to believe the changes and the values that the features will bring, but also that this vision is shared and clear for everyone. In rugby, if the direction of the scrum is not well defined, the scrum will just look like a bunch of people going in their own direction. The glue that holds the team together might be lost. Some of the purposes and challenges that motivate the development team to work for this project might disappear.  

  • In your relationship with the key users, some features or issues may appear important or mandatory for the product. However, it might be a temporary problem or a misidentified one. Having this vision and working on maintaining it over time might be one of the main negotiation points with your customer. Bringing those changes to the table can make the key users realize that the direction taken by the project or the product is not the right one, probably due to a temporary narrowed vision. 

 

Number 5: Prioritize features over values 

 

Having the world record of features delivered in a year does not make you a good Product Owner. Surely, having a lot of green dots on the yearly performance report from your manager can look good. It can also show the motivation of your team and its performance around the projects given. However, values will always be more important than features.   

Having a customer going to your desk every Monday to change the color of a button will give you 52 features delivered for this year. But the real question to ask a customer as a Product Owner is “Why?". What added value does the current task actually bring to the team and product? 

Sometimes, it is only a problem of indicators. Choosing indicators that correctly justify the productivity of a Scrum team will ensure a good analysis of the team's efficiency. 

Just as it is important to count the number of tickets solved for an IT support team, it is important to measure the real value of the new features provided by a Scrum team. Having a chart saying that this feature saves a few seconds more to the customer every time it is used is much more relevant than the previous indicator used above. 

  

Number 6: Not being active in the different Scrum events 

 

Scrum events like Dailies, Sprint starts and Sprint closures are time that you share with your scrum team to exchange information. Those moments are here to identify difficulties, misunderstandings, issues, and even conflicts between people.  

Most of the software tools used by the Scrum team, such as Jira, allow the whole Scrum team to have a lot of information and to display useful elements. However, a good oral check will always be more useful than a good description. 

Assisting to every Scrum event is not required. However, what a Product Owner should aim for is availability. The team may need to request your presence for meetings. Making sure of your involvement at this event will lead in a fruitful cooperation between the Product Owner and the team. 

 Active listening, self-criticism, asking for advice by all the parties are the concepts you should keep in mind while participating to those events. Even though some of them might look like you are not the main team leader or the most important role, being here as a support and an additional detail giver is what will make the team rely on you.  

Remember that the Scrum team should stay very flexible and adaptative. It has to remain the main philosophy of your work.  

 

In a nutshell  

Avoiding those errors will not make you a good Product Owner, but will surely prevent you from being a bad one. There is a lot of concepts and situations to learn from that will make you a good Product Owner.  

If you ever feel lost about the concept, or the role you should take in the Scrum team, please do not forget that the role of the Scrum master is to give the right Scrum framework application in your team. Remember also that there is a free available Scrum guide which is regularly updated and that will summarize the strict definition of Scrum.  

Finally, working in a V-cycle should not be forgotten. Scrum is a younger framework but both have advantages and disadvantages for project management. It's up to you to decide which method will be the most suitable for your projects. 

 

 

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